Archaeometry of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Inorganic Artefacts, Materials and their Technologies

Béla TÖRÖK
President
Alessandra GIUMLIA-MAIR
Secretary
Maria Pia RICCARDI
Treasurer

The commission aims to discuss and disseminate archaeometric approaches to technologies in prehistory and protohistory, focusing on lithic technology, metallurgy, ceramics, and glassmaking. It seeks to gather and organize the results, conclusions, and contexts of archaeometric case studies of artefacts, with particular attention to the production, procurement, and characterization of raw materials, as well as fabrication technologies. The commission emphasizes the discussion of relevant interdisciplinary research methods and techniques.

The commission provides a platform for scholarly discussion aimed at furthering the dissemination of new approaches and discoveries, and at promoting best practice in archaeometric research on metallurgy, glassmaking, lithic and ceramic technologies in prehistory and protohistory. 

Archaeometry commission diagram

One of our chief objectives is to open access to analytical data, results, and conclusions from the widest possible range of archaeometric projects and case studies related to prehistoric and protohistoric artefacts made from metal, ceramic, glass, and stone. We place particular emphasis on the characterization of raw materials and manufacturing technologies. By making relevant data accessible to the wider scientific community and establishing standards for scientific databases, we aim to promote greater integration between archaeometric research and other archaeological approaches.

We also strive to develop standards for the publication of archaeological scientific data, including chemical standards and material structures, and to create protocols for the archiving and dissemination of existing or “legacy” datasets, which might otherwise be lost or overlooked. By discussing relevant interdisciplinary research methods and techniques, we seek to encourage collaboration across academic disciplines and to explore the relationships and overlaps among ancient technologies.

We organize a commission meeting once a year and hold dedicated sessions on the occasion of the triennial UISSP World Congress.

Research and publications

Activities

Archaeological Museum Chania

Archaeometry Conference on Stone, Glass, Ceramics and Metals (Chania, Crete, Greece, 6–8 November 2025)

Archaeometry Conference on Stone, Glass, Ceramics and Metals at Chania Museum.

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An infographic detailing aspects of archaeometry.

Cretan metallurgy in Prehistory

Analysis of Minoan gold items from Petras, metallurgical analyses of the Minoan copper-based finds from Mochlos, metallurgical analyses of the items from the Inatos Cave, dedicated to the goddess Eileithyia.

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4-year project on Roman illumination

Metallurgical analyses of lamps, candelabers, authepsa, decorative illumination items, such as statuettes and supports of various kinds. The aim of the project is the reconstruction of the illumination inside Roman houses.

A group of people stand in front of a hedge in the countryside.

Metal and Amber II

Circulation of bronze and amber in the Iberian South-East during the Bronze Age: The project objectives (chronological resolution, sourcing of raw materials, valuation, social use) requires a specific methodology that involves the use of a wide variety of analytical techniques from other disciplines such as geology or organic chemistry, which makes this project inherently interdisciplinary.

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The land of Tartessos in the light of laboratory ceramics studies

The aim is to broaden our knowledge on ceramic production and use in the south-western part of the Iberian Peninsula from the Late Bronze Age until the collapse of Tartessos. The project is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach; archaeological techniques and also chemical and geological methods are employed.

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Synchrotron application in archaeological material characterization

In this framework, three projects have been accepted: 1. On the trace of Iranian arsenical bronze metallurgy, provenance and mixing. 2. Synchrotron X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) for chemistry and characterization of early glasses from the 2nd millennium B.C. in Iran. 3. SR-FTIR light through 7000 year-old pigments on ceramic surfaces.

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Emergence of arsenic-copper metallurgy in south-eastern Iran and eastern Anatolia

Interpreting ancient metal technology and metal routes through a multi-analytical approach. This project looks at the social impact of technology in prehistoric Anatolia and Iran by using metal technology as a case study. We aim to establish a linkage between Anatolian and Iranian prehistoric metallurgy and to examine the emergence of arsenical coppers in both regions through a multi-analytical approach.

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Geochemical research projects

Analysis of Middle and Late Neolithic fluorite objects from Belgium and France, sourcing of obsidian from the Middle Woodland period Hopewell site in Ohio (USA), geochemical analysis of environmental cores from the north coast of Papua New Guinea, and PXRF chemical analysis of ceramics from New Guinean archaeological sites.

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The Central Timna Valley Project: Provenancing metal artefacts

The role of Timna and the Arabah Valley from the Bronze Age to the Nabataean period. Diffraction stack imaging as a potential tool for detecting underground voids: The case of the ancient Timna copper mines. New insights on metallurgical practices in the Chalcolithic Southern Levant from a recently discovered copper-smelting workshop.

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Iron blooms and slags from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Medieval period in the Carpathian Basin

Chemical and mineralogical analyses and metallographic examinations of the related finds. Technological circumstances of the bloomery process, types and metallurgical roles of the slags.

Publications

Cover image Archeometriai Műhely

Archeometriai Műhely - Special Issue: Interdisciplinarity in Archaeology

Török, B. (ed.) 2024. Archeometriai Műhely 21 (3). Special Issue: Archaeometry session at the 20th World Congress of the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (UISPP) – Interdisciplinarity in Archaeology. Proceedings of the XX UISPP World Congress (5–9 September 2023, Timișoara, Romania), Session 7-1.

Cover image Water Supply and Water Management in the Metal Ages

Water Supply and Water Management in the Metal Ages

Brandherm, D. & Zimmermann, T. (eds) 2024. Water Supply and Water Management in the Metal Ages: Proceedings from the UISPP Metal Ages colloquium, 13–16 October 2022, Ankara (Türkiye). Oxford: Archaeopress.

Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica - Natural Sciences in Archaeology Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2022

Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica - Special Issue: Archaeometry of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Stone, Metal, Ceramics and Glass

Török, B. (ed.) 2022. Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica – Natural Sciences in Archaeology 13 (2). Special Issue: Archaeometry of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Stone, Metal, Ceramics and Glass. Proceedings of the XIX UISPP World Congress (2–7 September 2021, Meknes, Morocco), Session 8-B.

Materials and Manufacturing Processes 35 (15)

Materials and Manufacturing Processes - Special Issue: Archeometry

Giumlia-Mair, A. & Török, B. (eds) 2020. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 35 (13). Special Issue: Archeometry. Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress (4–9 June 2018, Paris, France), Session XVIII-1. 

UISPP Journal 2-1

UISPP Journal - Special Issue: New results and analytical methods of the charaterization of pre- and protohistoric metals and other inorganic materials

Török, B., Giumlia-Mair, A., Riccardi, M.P. & Barkóczy, P. (eds) 2019. UISPP Journal 2 (1). Special Issue: New results and analytical methods of the charaterization of pre- and protohistoric metals and other inorganic materials. Proceedings from a colloquium organized by the UISPP Commission on Archaeometry of Pre- and Protohistoric Inorganic Artefacts, Materials and Technologies, 14th October 2016, Miskolc (Hungary).

Cover image Networks of Trade in Raw Materials and Technological Innovations in Prehistory and Protohistory

Networks of Trade in Raw Materials and Technological Innovations in Prehistory and Protohistory: An Archaeometry Approach

Delfino, D., Piccardo, P. & Baptista, J.C. (eds) 2016. Networks of Trade in Raw Materials and Technological Innovations in Prehistory and Protohistory: An Archaeometry Approach. Proceedings of the XVII UISPP World Congress (1–7 September 2014, Burgos, Spain) Volume 12, Session B34. Oxford: Archaeopress.

Cover image Archéométrie / Archaeometry

Archéométrie / Archaeometry

Le Secrétariat du Congrès, Van Stryndonck, M. & Livingstone-Smith, A. (eds) 2004. Archéométrie / Archaeometry. Actes du XIVème Congrès UISPP, Université de Liège, Belgique, 2–8 septembre 2001 / Proceedings of the XIVth UISPP Congress, University of Liège, Belgium, 2–8 September 2001. Section 2, Sessions générales et posters / General Sessions and Posters. BAR International Series 1270. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.

Cover image Le problème de l’étain à l’origine de la métallurgie / The Problem of Early Tin

Le problème de l’étain à l’origine de la métallurgie / The Problem of Early Tin

Giumlia-Mair, A. & Lo Schiavo, F. (eds) 2003. Le problème de l’étain à l’origine de la métallurgie / The Problem of Early Tin. Actes du XIVème Congrès UISPP, Université de Liège, Belgique, 2–8 septembre 2001 / Proceedings of the XIVth UISPP Congress, University of Liège, Belgium, 2–8 September 2001. Section 11, Colloque / Symposium C11.2. BAR International Series 1199. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.

Cover image Proceedings 1 (Sections)

Proceedings 1 (Sections)

Arias, C., Bietti, A., Castelletti, L. & Peretto, C. (eds) 1998. Proceedings 1 (Sections): Theoretical and Methodological Problems – Archaeometry – Paleoecology. XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, Forlì – Italia – 8/14 September 1996. Forlì: ABACO.

Cover image Colloquia 2: Archaeometry

Colloquia 2: Archaeometry

Antonelli, S., Arias, C., Jacob, C., Mannoni, T. & Martini, M. (eds) 1996. Colloquia 2: Archaeometry. XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, Forlì – Italia – 8/14 September 1996. Forlì: ABACO.

Cover image The Crafts of the Blacksmith

The Crafts of the Blacksmith

Scott, B.G. & Cleere, H. (eds) 1987. The Crafts of the Blacksmith: Essays presented to R.F. Tylecote at the 1984 Symposium of the Comité pour la Siderugie Ancienne of the Union Internationale des Sciences Pré- et Protohistoriques held in Belfast, N. Ireland, 16th–21st September 1984. Belfast: Ulster Museum.

News

Archaeometry Conference on Stone, Glass, Ceramics and Metals (Chania, Crete, Greece, 6–8 November 2025)

The UISPP Archaeometry Commission is organizing an Archaeometry Conference on Stone, Glass, Ceramics and Metals at Chania Museum in November 2025. It welcomes contributions on topics related to the materials listed above and participants from other UISPP commissions and from other institutions working on related topics.

Members

Ahmed ABDRABOU
Grand Egyptian Museum (Egypt)
Alberta ARENA
Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria (Italy)
Erez BEN-YOSEF
Tel Aviv University (Israel)
Phil BETANCOURT
INSTAP (United States)
Dirk BRANDHERM
Queen's University Belfast (United Kingdom)
Gargi CHATTERJEE
University of Allahabad (India)
Mohammadamin EMAMI
Art University of Isfahan (Iran)
Susan FERRENCE
INSTAP Academic Press (United States)
Alessandra GIUMLIA-MAIR
AGM Archeoanalisi (Italy)
Mark GOLITKO
University of Notre Dame (United States)
Jiří HOŠEK
Archeologický ústav Akademie věd České republiky (Czechia)
Michał KRUEGER
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu (Poland)
Marianne MÖDLINGER
Universitá degli Studi di Genova (Italy)
Ignacio MONTERO RUIZ
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Spain)
Maria Pia RICCARDI
Università degli Studi di Pavia (Italy)
No profile image available
Manako TANAKA
Tokyo University of the Arts (Japan)
Béla TÖRÖK
Miskolci Egyetem (Hungary)